If the wood type really did have a large influence from its resonance then - thickness, shape, density, velocity of sound variations would make a difference from one piece of wood to another of the same type
i believe it does. i have used this example before but i brought two mahogany through neck blanks at the same time a few years ago. both came from the same supplier, were exactly the same dimensions and looked very similar. One was twice the weight of the other (literally, i checked to make sure i wasnt imagining it) and had a very different tap tone. Whilst both were good for guitars i know they would not sound the same
There is a great article on the web by an american luthier on tone woods in acoustic guitars where he points out how the sound is the instrument maker not the the wood,
thats completely true... part of making acoustic guitars successsfully and consistently is finding your voice... something us electric builders dont have to worry about as much
but as far as i am aware finding your voice as a luthier means understanding the impact the tonewood has and being able to shape it into something that sounds the way you want... rather than saying your construction style is your voice. thats means understanding and being able to work with the differences in each individual piece of wood, rather than saying the wood isnt important. Bob benedetto has writen some on this. he frequently uses woods that some people would say were unsuitable but they still sound like great benedetto archtops
acoustic builders like bob do this by varying the carving and thicknesses on each guitar... tap tuning it throughout the constuction process to maintain consistency in sound... rather than consistency in dimensions... thats how they can control for the differences in woods, even so the differences still exist
electric guitar factories do not do this. they build things to standard dimensions... which means differences in woods (of the same type) do become an important consideration from one guitar to the next
for what its worth i try not to use the tonewood term when talking about electric woods... its just marketing mojo